Dental instrument



Nov. 27 1923: 1,475,354

w. M. STANBROUGH v DENTAL INSTRUMENT Filed March 9, 1922 Patented Nov.27, 123.

WHlLI-AM M. STANBROUGH, 0F NEWBURGH, NEW YORK.

DENTAL INSTRUT.

Application filed March 9, 1922. Serial E0. 542,464.-

To all whom it may concem:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MoNnLL STANBROUGH, a citizen-of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Newburgh, county of Orange, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and" useful Improvements in DentalInstruments; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the inven tion, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention consists of the novel features hereinafter described,references being bad to the accompanying drawings which illustrate oneof the embodiments of the invention selected by me for the purpose ofillustration, and my said invention is fully disclosed in the followingdescription and claims.

The object of my invention is to provide a gauge or guide that willserve to automatically guide the cusps of artificial teeth which are tobe placed in position upon a wax bite by the operator, to the end that amore symmetrical arrangement be secured and in a shorter period of time.It is understood that the usefulness of the above mentioned gauge orguide has to do more particularly with the construction of fulldentures, upper and lower sets of artificial teeth, and that it isparticularly adapted to assist in arranging artificial upper teethdestined to be upper dentures.

A further object of my invention is to provide a tooth guide to be usedin conunction with the dental articular disclosed in my Patent No.1343691, patented June 15th, 1920, which will facilitate the exact andaccurate positioning of the teeth in any particular artificial upperdenture. ihis positioning will be generally alon a curve insuringcontinuous contact of t e upper and lower teeth in articulation inthemouth during any mastication excursion of the mandible. My presentinvention is not limited to this particular form of gauge or guide andmay be, either with or without variations of form, readily accommodatedto any type of articulator on the market.

A further object of my invention is to provide a stand for holding inany required position an upper plate which it is desired to attach tothe upper member of the articulat/or preparatory to .the construction orper teeth.

grinding in of a lower set of teeth, and the mam use of my invention isto position teeth on the Wax trial plates, and for this purpose I findit very useful.

A further object of my invention is to providea means for harmonizingthe curve of Spec with the condyle path in any individual case.

My invention will better be understood by a reference to the followingspecification which is directed to the several figures of theaccompanying drawings, which form a part hereof.

Figure 1 is the side'elevation of a tooth guide embodying my inventionwhich I have used for the purpose of illustrating the invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the same.

Figure 3 is a view of the front end, simpie plate, no uprights.

Like letters refer to like parts in the several figures.

In Figure 1 (a) shows the eondyle slots placed in the upright andarranged at an angle of approximately 35 degrees to the horizontal andadapted to receive the removal section of my dental articulator,diagrammatically represented with upper plate in osition s 6) representsa bearing plate or distance table which engages the projecting screw ofthe upper jaw member of my articulator when same is used in conjunctionwit-h this artificial tooth positioning guide. I

(0) shows the plate, this preferably contains various arcs of circles(as) with radii Varying from to 85 mm. and a median line and withconcave surface; being mounted upon the stand (d) so that it is free tobe manually rotated thereon.

The stand (d) is thread connected eccentrically to the base (6) whichbase is normally free to slide antero-posteriorly along the bed plate(7) in the guides (t). The base is preferably eccentric or off centerand has a cam action which serves to move the center of the guidelaterally right or left; thus givin means of adjustment laterally.

The pro]ection (9) attached to the base (e) is used to facilitate theturning of the said cam acting base (6) to adjust the center of guidesurface to coincide wlth the median line ofthe Wax base plate, or up-(It) is the upright stand porthan which is not shown in gure 3 as thatare found to be arcs of the same radical late circle. This curvature inthe human mouth is known as the lateral compensating curve, and has beenfound to be an exceedingly valuable attribute for proper masticationwhen applied to artificial dentures.

It has further been found that the radius of the curve varies in thesame month wit-hin certain limits, according to the location at which itmay be measured.

A second curvature extending antero-pos' teriorly, frequentl referred toas the curve of Spec hasbeen ound to be present on the occlusialsurfaces of the. teeth in an ideal human mouth. This curvature too, hasbeen found to vary in radius depending upon the location at whichmeasured.

The two curvatures above described, when combined with each other, andwith other radial curvatures present, comprise in effect a concavesegment of a sphere which in fact,

.constitutes the basis of my invention.

In making a new lower artificial denture to use with the old upper one,it will be seen that by understanding the requirements of the case it ispossible to so position the old upper set of artificial teeth that itwill be situated approximately correct, or if desired a face bow can beused to transfer the upper plate from the mouth of the patient to thetooth uide thus assuring accurate lacing of the plate upon the upper bowo the articulator,-it being situated to the desires of the operator theold plate can be readily attached to the upper bow of the articulator,

with plaster of Paris. A 'base plate of fitted to the -maxilla.

moldable materials is ing from condyle-to'condyle. The length of thebite rim isv arbitrarily assigned at the posterior condyle areas. On theanterior portion, front artificial teeth are set in the wax in apleasing harmonious esthetic arrangement. i l

The base plate with artificial teeth and bite rim are transferred to acast previously attached to a movable upper frame member which is nowattached to my present invention at the condyle slots. Now, sinceanterior teeth are arranged so that their tips describe an arc of somecircle,.

the radius of this circle is sought by bring On this base is disposed awax bite rim extend ing the condylar ends of the wax bite rim and thetips of the already arranged anterior teeth into contact with thespheroidal segmental portion of my inventionalready described, and movedabout until one of the radial arcs scribed on the face of the spheroidal segment rather closely approximates the radial circumferencedescribed in the tips of the anterior teeth.'

ll now proceed to position the necessary number of properly fashionedteeth according to the lateral and antero-posterior curves described bythe portion of the spheroidal segment directly under the wax'bite rim inan alignment described and required by proper esthetic restoration offacial contour and consistent with certain physical laws and factsnecessary to and for efficient mastication.

Thiswill describe the main use and to fully appreciate its value, it isnecessary to recall that the gauge or guide is of such general shape asto approximate the curves of the upper teeth, namely, the lateral curveand the antero-posterior curve (curve of Spee), which provide support tothe mandible upon lateral and protrusive motion. My inventioncontemplates a means of adjustment, vertically, antero-posteriorly andlaterally, also by tilting or tipping thus giving a range of motionsufficient to serve the purpose intended. Having a normal overbite weplace the teeth. the two central incisors, about half way between therim of the saucer shaped disk, and in the central or deep part of thegauge or guide. As the teeth go back the laterals, cuspids and bicuspids and molars 1st and 2nd follow the contour of the gauge or guide;The changed conditions are evident if the gauge or guide is shiftedforward so that the central incisors would be approximately at thecenter of the gauge or guide. In the human being the inner orpalatinecusps of upper molars extend to a lower plane than do the outer or bucalcusps. The gauge or guide then serves to position artificial teethattached to a trial plate b the usual wax medium. If it be desirab e toshorten the upper teeth upon the left side, it can be done by moving theloo base (6) to the right, then soften the wax and force the teeth to ahigher plane on the left side. By having the vernier scale of approvedconstruction, (circles, straight lines, etc.) it becomes possible toarrange the artificial teeth in an accurate and expeditious manner. or

In the use and operation of my invention I do not mention all of thevarious methods of application.

What ll claim and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent, is:

' 1. In a tooth-guide for the positioning of artificial teeth, a platemounted on a stand and having a concave surface against which threadedto said base; a template having a concave surface attached to theupperpart of said stand portion and adapted to be turned thereon, allsubstantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

In an artificial tooth-guide the combi nation of a bed plate containingantero-posterior guides, with vertically disposed members aflixed to oneend thereof, said members provided with slots at an angle to thehorizontal resembling the floor of the glenoid fossa in the human head;a circular base adapted to slide in said bed plate guides; a standportion eccentrically screw threaded to said base; a' template having acalibrated concave surface attached to the upper part of said standportion and adapted to be turned thereon, all substantially as and forthe purposes hereinbefore set forth.

4. In an artificial tooth-guide the combination of a bed containingantero-posterior guides, with vertically disposed members aflixed to oneend thereof, said members provided with slots at an angle to thehorizontal resembling'the floor or the glenoi'd fossa in the human head;a circular base adapted to slide in said bed plate guides; a standportion eccentrically screw threaded to said a base; an integralprojection horizontally dis posed from said base used as a means ofadjustment; a template having a concave surface attached to the upperpart ofsaid'stand' name to this portion and adapted to be turned there0n,

hereinbefore setforth. p

5. In an artificial tooth-guidethe combination of a bed plate containingantero-posterior guides, withvertically disposed menbers aflixed to oneend thereof, said members all substantially as and for thepurposesprovided with slots at an angle to the horizontal resembling the floorof the glenoid fossa in the human head; a distance table centrallydisposed with said members and between said slots adapted to engage theprojecting screw of the upper jaw member of dental articulat'ors; acircular base adapted to slide in said bed plate guides; a stand portioneccentrically screw threaded to said base; a template having a concavesurface attached to the upper part of said stand portion and adapted tobe turned thereon, all substantially as and for the purposeshereinbefore set forth.

6. In an artificial tooth-guide the combination of a bed platecontaining antero-posterior guides with vertically disposed membersaffixed to one end thereof, said members provided with slots at an"angle to the horizontal resembling the floor of the glenoid' fossa inthe human head; a circular base adapted to slide in said bed plateguides; a, stand portion eccentrioally screw threaded to said base; anintegral projection horizontally disposed from said base; a distancetable centrally disposed with said members and between said slotsadapted to engage the projecting screw of the'upper jaw member of dentalarticulators; a template having a concave surface attached to the upperpart of said stand portion and adapted tobe turned'thereon, allsubstantially as and fo the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony'whereof, I have signed my specification this 4 day of)Iarch; 1922. r

. WM. M. STANBROUGH.

